Christmas Cheer 1955

I was reading the 1955 edition of the magazine 'Christmas Cheer'. Inside, were several adverts, the cheeriest being the one for E Dingle which advertised itself as the ideal place for Christmas shopping for everything 'from toys to televisions'. Dingles was in the same place then as it is today on Royal Parade although their store would have been relatively new with the rebuilding of the City Centre after the Second World War.

The second advert shows the ideal present to buy your wife in 1955 - a washing machine! Well, that's what the South West Electricity Board thought! I wonder how many wives who got a washing machine for Christmas eventually filed for divorce? I don't think it would go down too well today as a present for Christmas! Things have certainly changed. There was also an advert for a set of Christmas lights from Osram which then cost £1 a box. What's funny is that, almost 60 years later, you can still get them for the same price! The last advert shows 'the ideal Christmas gift' - a National Savings Gift Token which could be bought in multiples of 15 shillings (now 75p).

What fun it must have been on Christmas morning with mum unwrapping her new washing machine and the kids excitedly receiving their National Savings Gift Tokens. I wonder what dad got? There were no other Christmas adverts in the magazine but plenty of adverts for long forgotten companies such as Hatchards the book shop, Pophams, Charles Harding, the Magnet Restaurant , Beechwoods and Rediffusion. Also featured in the magazine were several quizzes. The Literary Quiz had a prize of a £10 book token, the Hilda Haddon Sporting Quiz had a first prize of a fireside chair and the Spot the Inn competition had a first prize of 3 bottles of Sherry, a bottle of Dimple Whisky, a bottle of Port and one dozen bottles of Golden Diamond. You would've needed to have been a very serious drinker to have been able to recognise all twelve of the pub interiors. The magazine also featured ghost stories, stories from the past and a joke featuring Santa and his reindeer covered in destination stickers. For one shilling, in a time when there were no Xboxes or Playstations, it seemed the ideal gift for dad!

Newlands at Saltash Passage

Here's a photo of 'Newlands' which was built by W E Elliot in 1860 after he reclaimed 120 acres of mud flats on the River Tamar. At the beginning of the 1900s, the building was bought by the trustees of the Mount Edgcumbe training ship and used as a cottage hospital and sick bay. It was eventually purchased by the Ministry of Defence and marked the entrance of their Ernesettle depot until it was demolished in 1922.

A couple of days ago, I thought that I would take a walk down to the 'top secret' armaments depot at Saltash Passage (it's so secret that it's signposted 'armaments depot'!) to see if anything remained of Newlands. At first glance, it appeared that nothing was left so I just enjoyed the walk and took some photos in the Autumn light. As I walked further along the

road however, I noticed several passing areas and the final one, unusually for a passing area, had a fireplace in it! I think that this must be all that remains of Newlands and probably today goes largely unnoticed. It's interesting to think of all the activity that must have taken place here when the Training Ship Mount Edgcumbe was moored close by. Nowadays, it's deadly quiet. I'm sure many people must work at the armaments depot but you certainly never see any of them and apart from the odd barge going up and down the river, it would be easy to imagine that the area has been abandoned.

New books from Amberley Publishing

This month, I have two new books coming out, both from Amberley Publishing. The first, which is out today, is called 'Saltash Through Time' and features 92 old photos together with 92 colour newer photos. The book features Fore Street, Waterside, Sand Quay, Port View, the Tamar and Royal Albert bridges as well as a look at nearby villages including St Stephens, Forder and Antony Passage. The photos show the many changes that have taken place in the area over the last 100 years or so. Some areas have seen major differences with many new buildings replacing ones destroyed in the Second World War or during more modern improvements. Some areas have hardly changed at all.

The second book is 'The Rame Peninsula Through Time'. Rame is one of my favourite places and I especially enjoy visiting the Mount Edgcumbe Estate. Within the book are many photos of old and new Mount Edgcumbe as well as pictures of Cawsand, Kingsand, Fort Picklecombe, Whitsands, Rame Head, Maker and Port Wrinkle. This book should be out sometime next week. More details can be found about both books by clicking on the links on the right hand side of this blog. I hope that you will find them both enjoyable and interesting.

The Exhibition Fields at Pennycomequick

Many people will have read my blog posting about Buffalo Bill and his appearance at the Exhibition Fields in 1904 with his Wild West Show. Many other events took place there over the years but perhaps many of you will be wondering where the Exhibition Fields actually were. The picture shown here is the only one I've found showing an event taking place at the fields which were located at Pennycomequick. Tents can be seen in the background (click on the photo to make it larger) but it's not known what the event was. So that you can get your bearings, on the right of the picture is Alma Road and the now long gone Toll House would have stood far right and still existed when this photo was taken. The Exhibition Fields now form the far end of Central Park and the brow of the hill seen in the picture was once known as the 'Great Hill'. It's amazing to think of all of the events that would have gone on there over the years and it makes you wonder what lies under the soil just waiting to be found. I hope to write more about the Exhibition Fields in a later post.

Coach trip at Saltash Passage in the early 1900s

This lovely old photo was taken in Saltash Passage in the early 1900s. The area is instantly recognisable today and the buildings in the background remain the same. On the left is the old ferry waiting rooms and behind the horses is the Ferry House Inn. It's interesting to see the old cobbles and tramlines now long buried under modern tarmac.

It's obviously a very wet day and the people in the photo don't look too happy, maybe because of this. I recognise the people near the horse as being members of the Donne family and their descendants still live in the Passage today. I wonder how many other local families appear in this picture.

I've no information about the photo so it's impossible to know what the

event or trip was or where it was going. The poor horses are all skin and bone and it's easy to count their ribs. The obviously didn't get fed as well as they should have. Perhaps this photo was taken during wartime.

There's a banner on the side of the coach and the man at the top is carrying a large flag but I haven't been able to read much on it. One of the words on the banner looks like 'play'.

This is certainly a very interesting photo and one that I'd never seen before until I was kindly sent it by Saltash historian, Bruce Hunt.

The Police Box at St Budeaux

Long before Doctor Who made his first appearance on tv in 1963, there were Police telephone boxes scattered all over Britain. They were once commonplace and everyone recognised them. Many kids watching Doctor Who today will wonder what a Police box was. Many people of my age and older will remember the box that stood on Outlands Road for many years. It disappeared a long time ago and was about 50 years old then. It was regularly opened when Plymouth Argyle was playing. The above photo shows a Police box that once stood in St Budeaux Square. I wonder how many older residents can still remember it? At one time, it was an essential link for policeman on the beat. If the amber light on top flashed, it meant that there was an emergency call to answer. Policemen with prisoners would lock them inside until reinforcements showed up. Lost children and animals would also end up in the box. 

The phone inside would have been a Bakelite type one with an old fashioned dial. Police in the 1960s and 1970s would have laughed at how old fashioned this all was when walkie talkies became commonplace but it seems even further back in time from today when everyone is linked by a mobile phone or the internet. Gone are the days of bobbies on bicycles cycling to the nearest Police box to report a crime. The world's moved on but I think that I might prefer things back then!

West Park in the 1960s and 1970s

These two photos show West Park as it was in the 1970s. On the left of the first photo can be seen the Mobil Garage with its huge circular roof covers. I remember this building well as I used to face it every week day while waiting for the bus to go to school. On the right, can be seen Crystal Batteries and a Co-op lorry can be seen approaching the traffic lights.

There are quite a few shops that I can recall from the 1960s and 1970s. The newsagents was Eastabrooks (where my mum worked) and next door was the Off-Licence. Eastabrooks later became Cooper's News, NSS and today is ABC Butchers. One of my favourite shops as a kid, back in the 1960s, was Edward's the toy shop which was where Crystal Batteries appears in the photo shown. Across the road was the Co-op (it's the library today), a small chemist and the petrol station. Behind was Goodbody's and another supermarket, The Supreme (it's a carpet shop today). Also in Coombe Park Lane was the popular post office which unfortunately went the way of all other post offices up and down the country. Across from the Supreme was the fish and chip shop (it's still there) and upstairs there was a barber who would shear your hair just before you were due back at school after the holidays! Opposite Eastabrooks, across the road, was Liptons, Dewhursts Butchers, another butchers, the Make and Mend shop (it's still there) and a Mace shop which became a house a long time ago. There have been many shop changes over the years and there was a shop for a while that just sold wool. Knitting once seemed a lot more popular pastime.
In the second photo, many of the shops I've mentioned can be seen. It looks like the wool shop has become 'Him and Her'. Peter Goords can be seen on the left by the carpark and the old red phonebox can be seen outside the newsagents. I think the Supreme became some sort of music shop for a while.
In some ways, it looks like it hasn't changed much over the years but in other ways it's changed greatly. West Park is now overflowing with fast food outlets, the supermarkets have closed, the old newsagent has disappeared and McColls has taken over the premises where Liptons used to be. The red phone boxes have long gone as has the post office (although it's now a sorting office) in Coombe Park Lane. I can't remember when Edwards closed down but it's certainly a very long time ago since I bought toys in there! Of course, the area is a lot busier today with constant traffic, a lot more scruffy and run down and doesn't seem to be the place I remember when I was a boy. Perhaps I've just got older!

Strange circles at Churchtown Farm

I wonder if anyone else has noticed the strange grass circles at Churchtown Farm near Saltash? I've been visiting there for many years but have only noticed these circles appearing in the grass this year. I read in the newspaper, because of weather conditions, that Roman ruins had become visible in grassed areas around the country and their pattern could be seen from the air. I think these circles reveal something that is under the fields but I'm not sure what. Above is a photo that I took just this week. I'm sure that if I could have got higher, the circles would be a lot clearer and easier to see. During the Second World War, barrage balloons were moored at Point Field at Churchtown Farm and I wondered if the circles could be due to their foundations. However, the circles, some perfect, seem to be all over the many fields there. Back in the 1800s, Forder and Churchtown Farm were linked by a wooden viaduct which was eventually replaced by the stone viaduct that is there today. It could be that these circles show parts of this building work underneath. It would be interesting if the circles were showing something older that has yet to be discovered. My guess would be that they're probably something to do with the barrage balloon site but as there seems to be little written history or photos of Churchtown Farm during the war, it's hard to discover if this is the case.

King Billy's Statue at Mutton Cove

The statue that stands beside the dockyard at Mutton Cove, known as King Billy, is of William IV who reigned between 1830 and 1837. The statue was originally a figurehead on the 120 gun warship, 'Royal William'. The ship was converted to steam in 1859 and the figurehead was replaced with a smaller one. The original figurehead was then placed at the southern end of the dockyard where it has remained a landmark for many years after. The replacement figurehead cost the Admiralty £35. It no longer exists because the ship it was on, later renamed Clarence, was destroyed by fire in 1899 while it was a training ship moored on the Mersey. In the 1990s, the figurehead at Mutton Cove was deteriorating fast so it was decided to make a fibreglass copy which now stands in place of the original. The original wooden figurehead has now been restored and stands along with other preserved figureheads at Black Yarn Stores at Devonport Dockyard.

Hostins of Atherton Place, Devonport

Here's a lovely old photo of Hostin's newsagent and general store at Atherton Place. From the newspaper hoardings, Plymouth Albion have been successful, the Polar expedition is in peril and there is 'an unbeatable forecast for all the big pools'. Those were the days when winning the Pools was equivalent to winning the lottery. There are adverts for Clubs Cigarettes, another for Woodbines and there's a boot and shoe repair service offered. An advert in the window advertises the Tivoli which is showing 'After Dark' and 'Humility'. The magazines on show include 'Wife and Home', 'Practical Wireless', 'Picture Show', 'World Radio', and 'Radio Times'. There seems to be a collection of postcards on display in the centre of the window.

Terry, who wrote to me earlier about the Saltash Passage mine, tells me:

'This photo features William Henry Hostin and his wife, Laura Wright Hoskin (nee Reed). The shop was at No 2 Atherton Place which is halfway up Charlotte Street, between St Leo's Place and Warren Street. It's still there but isn't a shop anymore. The shop window has gone and has been turned into a bay window.'

Terry included a photo of the shop as it appears today and I've featured it here.

Terry continues:

'Mr and Mrs Hostin were my grandparents and I was born in the room behind the shop and lived there for a short while. Next door was a post office when I was young. My gran used to give me sixpence on a Saturday and then whisk me next door to buy a savings stamp for my post office savings book. I only had it in my hands for 90 seconds! Sixpence was a lot then - those were the days!'

Things have certainly changed over the years.

Plymouth Guide 1961

Here's another ebay 99p bargain! This Plymouth guide dates from 1961 so that makes it as old as me!

Included within its pages are adverts for the Hoe Cafe, Moss Bros, Janet Joyce, Capps Jewellers, Wightman's Camera Shop and Pophams - now all long gone. If you were hungry back then, there was a Wimpy Bar at 94 Cornwall Street, the Magnet Restaurant at 34, the Tudor Restaurant at Ebrington Street and Goodbodys on the Royal Parade. Entertainment was either at the Hoe Summer Theatre or at one of the many

cinemas which included the ABC, the Drake, the Gaumont, the Odeon, The Plaza, the State, the Belgrave or the Palladium. Regular Saturday dances were held at the Guildhall, the Duke of Cornwall and the Continental Hotel.

Hedley Claxton hosted 'Gaytime' at the Hoe Summer Theatre which included talent contests, concert party competitions, military bands, choirs and 'sparkling entertainment'.

If you needed to hire a car, Rowland Trim could provide you with the latest Morris Oxford, Morris Minor, Ford Anglia or Ford Popular. The main garages seem to have been Esso but I think this was before the popular 'Put a Tiger in Your Tank' campaign.

There were many cafes including the Hoe Cafe, Humphreys Cafe at West Hoe and Chequers Cafeteria and Restaurant at Bretonside.

For clothes, there was J Modes, 'in a style you like' and Richfurs of Royal Parade. Well known shops included Dingles, Spooners, British Home Stores and the Co-op at Derry's Cross. Of course, there was also Ivor Dewdney's in Cornwall Street selling 'superior quality pasties and pies'.

There were pleasure boats to Kingsand, Cawsand and Bovisand. Other river trips went to Salcombe, Looe, Fowey, Dodman Point, Calstock,

 

Newton Ferrers and Noss Mayo.

The Hoe was packed at the time with many deckchairs, swimming and beauty pageants at the Lido, cafes, boat trips, entertainment, sailing and fishing.

It all sounds great apart from the fur coat shop on Royal Parade (they were mainly Nylon anyway!). Certainly much seems to have changed over the years.

 

Nude bathing in the Tamar

The Tamar is full of yachts, boats and jet skiers but it's very rare nowadays to see anyone swimming there. If someone was spotted in the waters today, the police boat would probably be called out, together with the lifeboat rescue team.

A hundred years ago, things were very different. The Tamar was a very popular place to swim especially down by Saltash Passage which, at the time, even had a bit of a beach. The photo shown here was taken beside the Royal Albert Bridge and shows children in Victorian times paddling and enjoying a dip in the waters there. It's hard to imagine a similar occurrence today especially with the river's muddy banks which are littered with sharp rocks and various broken bottles. In the background is the training ship for wayward boys, the T S Mount Edgcumbe. Marshall Ware remembered: Most of us could swim across the Tamar before we were 16 and we received life-saving training from the Devonport Swimming Club. In those days, boys were allowed to bathe in the nude although I wasn't because my father was a local councillor for the St Budeaux Station Ward so I wasn't allowed to take part in the local activities without a bathing costume. When the women arrived on the scene to bathe, the boys were turned out lock, stock and barrel, often in a state of undress, from the eight bathing cubicles. It's strange how times change and if this photo didn't exist, it would be hard to believe that children ever once swam in the waters beneath the Royal Albert Bridge.

Treasure beneath your feet

When I was a boy and we'd moved back to Plymouth from Singapore in the 1960's, my dad found two items in our new home while digging in the garden. One was a coin and the other was a military badge. The coin was encrusted with years of dirt but, after a lot of cleaning, I could see two heads on it which turned out to belong to William and Mary who reigned together in the late 1600's. The coin was a halfpenny and had amazingly lain in the ground for 300 years. The cap badge that was also found belonged to the Manchester Regiment but I've never been able to accurately date it. I always supposed that it was dropped by a soldier stationed at the nearby Knowle Battery. Nothing else was found and in the late 1970's, two crazes took off. One was skate boarding and the other was metal detecting. I would have probably been a lot cooler getting a skateboard but instead I went to Dixons and bought a metal detector (this was after unsuccessfully trying to build my own!). I think they were £19.99 which seemed a fortune at the time. I'm sure that other coins must have remained buried in the garden but I never found any of them. Searches of the area only revealed coins from the early 1900's while people told me that they had discovered coins hundreds of years old and even found Roman coins nearby. After finding endless junk, the hobby eventually became very boring and the metal detector lay in a cupboard for many months. I remember two things that I found with the metal detector that I would have rather not come across. One was an incendiary bomb and the other was an animal trap that I very nearly put my arm in (it was covered in leaves). One year later and I had a box of pre-decimal coins, bullet shells, a few military buttons and other things that I didn't have a clue what they were. Eventually, I gave it all to my nephew.

I don't know what happened to the metal detector but it disappeared sometime in the early 1980's.

A few years ago, I bought another metal detector off Ebay. Amazingly, it's lay in the cellar ever since! There are reports nearly every week of amazing finds, some of them quite local, and there's always that temptation to dig it out and to go exploring. I doubt I ever will though!

Haunted Plymouth

I was kindly given a copy of 'Haunted Plymouth' by its author, Kevin Hynes. The book makes fascinating reading and tells tales of mysterious ghosts and apparitions in and around Plymouth. From hauntings in Saltash Passage and Wyndham Square to strange activity at the Gin Distillery and the Reel Cinema. During the Second World War, there were many reports of people seeing dead relatives and neighbours and even today their spirits appear to be present in many locations within the city. We all seem to have had odd experiences that can't be explained including hearing strange noises and bumps in the night to seeing fleeting shadows and lights. Some of the ghosts in the book are more apparent than others with legs being seen disappearing up stairs and ghostly visitors in full period clothing. Our grandparents always seemed to have a story about someone who had seen a ghost or knew of someone who lived in an old creepy house full of strange noises or occurrences. I've experienced it myself but were those strange noises behind the walls a previous long-dead owner or just a few scurrying mice? Is it real or just in our imaginations? Check out Kevin's excellent book and decide for yourself! Haunted Plymouth by Kevin Hynes is published by The History Press and is available at all bookstores. If you want to meet Kevin, he will be signing copies at Waterstones on Saturday 4th September 2010 between 11am and 1pm at the New George Street branch and between 2pm and 4pm at the Drake Circus branch. Kevin also takes people on regular ghost walks starting on the Barbican. There's more information at http://www.hauntedplymouth.com/

Romans at Rame

Following on from a previous posting on Roman occupation in the area, I was interested to read in the paper on 24th July about a gold Roman artefact that was found in a field at Rame. Maker means 'old ruin' and this has always been taken to mean that a Roman villa or other building once stood in the area at an unknown location. If this is the case, then there will be many other Roman artefacts still unfound remaining in the area. The article referred to metal detectorist, Craig Budding, who was digging in a field on the Rame Peninsula. The item found was a gold pestle which may have hung around the owner's neck as a sign of fertility. It is thought to date somewhere between the first and fourth century. Anna Tyacke, the Royal Cornwall Museum Finds Liaison Officer, suggested, 'The pestle could have been used with a mortar to grind cosmetics which would have been smeared on the body as an aid to fertility.' It's a very interesting item and there must be many more such items like this to be found. If you're taking a walk around the Rame Peninsula, especially if you're crossing any ploughed fields, then keep your eyes open. You never know what you might find!

Plymouth Through Time

My latest book, from Amberley Publishing, is out this week. Called 'Plymouth Through Time', it features then and now photos of Plymouth from the turn of the 1900s. All the new photos in the book are in colour and some of the places covered include Milehouse, Turnchapel, the Hoe, St Budeaux, Saltash Passage, the City Centre, the Barbican and much more. It's available in all the usual places such as Waterstones, WH Smiths and online but will also be available in Morrisons and other supermarkets. It's one of a series and later titles will include, 'The Rame Peninsula Through Time', Saltash Through Time' and 'A Year on the Tamar'.

In Search of Romans

I was very interested to read about the hoard of Roman coins found in Somerset which was in the news earlier this week. A similar hoard was found in Plymouth in 1894. A crock of Roman coins was discovered at Compton Giffard containing a thousand coins all dating from before AD 280. The British Museum suggested that it could have been part of a Roman pay chest for a legion stationed in the area. Romans are also believed to have once inhabited Stonehouse. The area carried the name Stonehouse even in Saxon times and it is believed that it was named after a ruin in the area that only the Romans could have built. Unfortunately, this ruin is now long gone. In 1882, a Roman crematorium was discovered at Newport Street just below Stonehouse Bridge. It contained small tombs, about four feet by two feet, containing human bones and ashes. Unfortunately, it has all long since been destroyed. Evidence also suggests the existence of Romans inhabiting the area in the street name at St Budeaux, 'Roman Way'. Roman Way was originally called 'Old Wall's Lane' which suggests an ancient occupation. A Roman signal station was believed to have once stood on the hill there and soapwort, which was used by the Romans for medicine, has been found growing nearby. Soapwort is usually only found in this country on the site of an old settlement. Other evidence also points to the existence of Romans in the area. A galley was said to have been found at Newnham and Roman coins and pottery have been found at Mount Batten. In 1888, a large hoard of Roman coins were found at Stamford in Plymstock. Also a bronze figure of Mercury was found at Hooe. There have been no reports of further hoards being found in Plymouth but I've no doubt that they probably exist. The Ridgeway at Plympton has long been believed to be part of a Roman road. It is recorded in 1281 as Ryggeseweystrete and the strete part of its name suggests a Roman link. Records also exist of the discovery of early camps near Crownhill although these may have been British. I have heard of Roman coins being discovered in the Plym and at Whitleigh, Torr and Millbay but these are few and far between. I'd be very interested to hear of any other finds in and around the city.

Adverts from the War Years

I recently wrote about Goulds in Ebrington Street and there's a photo of it in my new book, from Amberley Publishing, 'Plymouth Through Time'.

I discovered a copy of the Western Evening Herald from 21st March 1941 and in it is an interesting advert for Goulds which can be seen above. On sale are rubber boots for ARP Wardens priced at 12/11, Gas mask holders for 5½d, Regulation sandbags for the same price, Army Blankets for 10/6 and also Rifle Slings, Kitbags and Ammunition Pouches for 5½d. All things that would have come in very handy at the time when Plymouth was just about to go through its worst period. Goulds was at Treville Street

which once joined Old Town Street but was later devastated by the Blitz.

Another interesting advert in the paper was for Costers. Rather than thinking about the War, they were concentrating on the new Spring fashions which included a snazzy checked sports jacket for men and an even more snazzy checked suit and cap for boys. I've never seen any children in photos from the 1940s dressed like this. The cost for the whole outfit was 17/11, a lot of money then especially if you bought it and then your son felt too ridiculous to wear it! In comparison, the man on the right looks more like men dressed in the 1940s. Perhaps the checked suits were aimed at the posher market. Costers were located at Frankfort Street, another victim of the Blitz.

Ploughed Fields

I've written before about town dung and how it was brought up the River Tamar and spread on the nearby fields. Recently, while walking at Churchtown Farm at Saltash, I noticed that one of the fields had been ploughed so I decided to have a quick walk over it to see what I could find. The photo shows some of the items that I came across. The first thing I found was an Edward VII farthing which dates from the early 1900's. I also found a piece of clay pipe. This probably dates from the same period although I've found bits of clay pipe from the 1600s at Empacombe on the Mount Edgcumbe Estate.

I also found an old glass bottle top and a glass marble. The glass marble comes from an old Codd Bottle and children in Victorian times would break the neck of the bottles to get at the marble. Playing marbles was once a very popular pastime, even when I was a boy. The muddy banks beside the river at Churchtown Farm are littered with similar broken bottles. I'm not sure what the other item in the photo is although it's made of copper. All these items were found on the surface and it makes you wonder, if you had a metal detector, what else there is to find. I also found loads of old pottery and an old Bovril bottle which I left on the post for someone else to have. When I went back the next day, it had gone.

The shores of Antony Passage are littered with old bottles and even the remains of Victorian shoes. It was once a popular pastime amongst bottlers to search for finds on the banks there but the locals nowadays aren't as welcoming as they once were!

This is probably just junk to most people but to me it's interesting to find a piece of the past.

Alexander Graham Bell

Amazingly, the first telephone installation in the UK was in Plymouth at Tor Grove in Weston Peverel, now known as Pennycross. Alexander Graham Bell was visiting the town in 1877 to lecture about the invention of the telephone when he stayed at the residence of Robert Bayly. Bayly was elected to the first Devon City Council and was also a Justice of the Peace. His father founded the Marine Biological Association. While staying with Bayly, Bell installed the telephone line which connected the house and the gardener's cottage. It remained in use for many years before the apparatus was presented to the Plymouth Museum. Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1847. Both his mother and wife were deaf which interested him in experimenting with hearing devices which eventually led on to his invention of the telephone. The patent was applied for in 1876. Although he is most famous for this invention, he felt that it intruded on his more important scientific research and refused to have a telephone in his study. In 1888, he became one of the founding members of the National Geographic society. Bell died in 1922. During his funeral, it was reported that, 'every phone on the continent of North America was silenced in honor of the man who had given to mankind the means for direct communication at a distance.'

Stanley Gibbons

Perhaps stamp collecting isn't the hobby that it once was. When I was a boy in the 1960s, every kid that I knew collected stamps. Times change and perhaps the name of Stanley Gibbons isn't as well known to younger people as it would have once been. Edward Stanley Gibbons was born in Plymouth on the 21st June, 1840, coincidently in the same year that Britain issued the Penny Black. His father, William, owned a chemist shop in Treville Street. Stanley had an interest in stamps from when he was a boy and joined his father's business after the death of his eldest brother.His father encouraged his stamp collecting hobby and a stamp desk was set up within the chemist's shop. Between 1861 and 1871, Stanley Gibbons built up his own stamp business which proved to be very popular. On the death of his father in 1867, he took over the chemist shop but found himself heavily involved in the business of buying and selling stamps which took most of his time and eventually, the chemist shop was sold. After he married, in 1872, he relocated his business to London where he employed women to separate sheets of stamps in the evening. He was reported to the local authorities by neighbours who were suspicious of all of the young women who attended his address and surprisingly, this was investigated although they found nothing untoward. By the time Gibbon's first wife died in 1887, the business was a great success. He later married his housemaid, Margaret Casey in 1890 before selling his stamp business to Charles Phillips for £25,000. Soon after, he retired. Gibbons married for a third time after the death of his second wife in 1901. He travelled extensively all over the world for pleasure and to purchase stamps. Gibbons third wife died in 1905 and he married for a fourth time but this wife died in 1908 and he married, amazingly, for a fifth time in 1909. They are believed to have separated before his death because he makes no mention of her in his will and leaves his entire estate 'to a dear friend, Mabel Hedgecoe'. Gibbons died on the 17th February 1913. His string of wives, most of whom died relatively young, has given rumour to some wrong doing on his part but this has never been proved. Stanley Gibbons is nowadays seen as a successful business and perhaps the person behind it is somewhat forgotten. However, almost one hundred years after his death, his name is, and will probably always be, forever linked with the immense, worldwide hobby of stamp collecting.

Prehistoric caverns at Stonehouse

I recently came across a cutting from the Evening Herald from the 9th November, 1960. It carries a report about prehistoric caverns at Stonehouse and reads:

'Stonehouse's prehistoric limestone caverns, discovered in the 18th century and since lost to modern knowledge have, it is believed, been rediscovered by builders excavating foundations for a new warehouse in George Street. Directing a pneumatic drill into limestone boulders, a workman found the rock giving way to expose a 10ft shaft with two long fissures squeezing from it. Remains of prehistoric rhinoceroses, horses, oxen, deer and other animals were once found in the caverns but were destroyed when the Athenaeum was blitzed in the last war.'

I haven't been able to find any follow up to this article but isn't it amazing that this all probably exists beneath the streets of Stonehouse and it's such a shame that the remains found in the 1700s were destroyed in the war. The story of Cattedown Man is well known and his remains were discovered in limestone caves in the Cattedown area of the city in 1887. With him were the bones of 15 early humans together with the remains of woolly rhinoceros, woolly mammoth, deer and lion dating from the ice age. The remains are approximately 140,000 years old and are the oldest remains discovered in the British Isles.

Prehistoric remains have been found in Ernesettle Woods, at Mutley and Keyham as well as Stonehouse.

It's amazing what is beneath our feet but also incredible that very little of this history ever seems to be mentioned. I certainly haven't read anything at all about the Stonehouse Caverns in the last 40 years.

The location of the Cattedown caverns is meant to be a secret, for fear of fossil hunters etc, but it's well known that they are located beneath the fuel depot there. It would be incredible to be able to visit them and it seems a shame that the area is off limits to local residents.

The Kloof, Saltash Passage

The Kloof can be found near the end of Wolseley Road at Saltash Passage. The house was built by James Ware (shown) in 1914. James Ware owned and ran Ware's coal and coke business from Ware's Quay which, today, would be opposite the Ferry House Inn. The quay was built in 1898 by James Tripp using stone from Little Ash Quarry. It was taken over by James Ware and renamed and used by him until 1922.

The Kloof was built just before the First World War and may not have been built at all, if built at a later date, due to the lack of materials that were available as a direct result of the War. In later years, the fields by the Kloof were rented out for a variety of uses. These included stabling horses, a local business growing fruit and vegetables and an enterprise growing daffodils in the Spring. A variety of animals were kept there for commercial use also, including pigs, sheep and chickens. The fruit and vegetable business was run by Frederick Johns who delivered to the St Budeaux area with his horse and cart. In the Second World War, the US army used the field to house their troops and vehicles.

Many older residents will remember Marshall Ware who lived at the Kloof for most of his life. He had a passion for local history and wrote two books about St Budeaux. He also had a passion for wildlife and I remember that he told me that he would climb into trees to photograph the eggs of birds but would never take them to collect. I also remember him telling me how he remembered his father planting the many trees that now surround the field at the Kloof. Marshall seemed to know the name of every plant, flower and bird in the area and, at the time, would happily tell me all about them. Some of Marshall's stories can be found in my books 'Saltash Passage,' 'St Budeaux,' and 'Memories of St Budeaux.'

Plymouth : Tales From The Past

I know that there are many people who would rather sit down and flick through the pages of a book than read content from the internet on a computer screen. Many people aren't connected to the internet and for this reason, I've compiled all my favourite stories of Plymouth's past in a new book which will be available from bookshops and online over the next couple of weeks. There are tales of famous people connected with Plymouth including Charles Darwin, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Scott of the Antarctic, Cora Pearl, Lillie Langtry, Nancy Astor and many more. There are also stories of Christmases during the War years, trams, entertainment, the Civil War, Romans, pubs, buildings, executions, carnivals, comedians and much more.

More recent history includes articles about Plymouth Zoo, Westward Television, Benny Hill and The Beatles visit to the ABC.

I hope that the new book will be of great interest to the many people who enjoy reading about the history of Plymouth and who also enjoy the many quirky stories that originate from its past.

'Plymouth Tales From The Past' (ISBN 9780956078148) will be available from the end of May from all good bookshops and costs £9.99.

Putty Philpott

This photo shows Putty Philpott who, at one time, was quite a well-known figure in the city. He led the Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport Carnival, shown here in 1926, which raised money for the Royal Albert Hospital (later Devonport Hospital). He was known as a giant of a man although this referred to his generosity as well as his weight. He was ex-Navy and also an ex-publican and, at twenty stones, was once the heaviest man in the services. After leaving the Navy, he ran the Brunswick Hotel in Stonehouse and would entertain people by playing the banjo beside the log fire there. Stars from the Palace Theatre would come to watch and would join in with his many songs including, 'South of the Border down Stonehouse Bridge Way' which he adapted from the more well-known, 'South of the Border'.
During the Second World War, The Brunswick Hotel was destroyed by a land mine and Putty then became the landlord of a pub in Devonport which, by coincidence, was bombed on his very first night there. He ended his days as the landlord of the No-Place Inn at Eldad Hill.
In between running various pubs, Putty also appeared in concerts performing his many songs which included, 'Figgy Pudding'.
Thr Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport Carnival lasted all week and Putty was often the Carnival king. Regular events included fancy dress competitions, parades and stalls.
When he died, the pall bearers had to be 'fortified at the local bar' before carrying out their bulky task!

Devonport tram

At first glance, it's hard to place where this lovely pre-war tram is passing in Plymouth. There are several clues though. By enlarging the photo, a street sign can be seen beside the front of the tram which says 'Chapel Street'. Also,
in the background, can be seen the word 'piano' and I can recognise this as the shop belonging to Hocking's Pianos which stood beside the Forum Cinema (now the Mecca Bingo Hall). The Forum, which was at the end of Chapel Street in Fore Street, stands just to the left of Hocking's and Fore Street with its wonderfully ornate buildings continued until it met the dockyard gates. The Second World War not only devastated Fore Street but also Chapel Street and none of the buildings shown in this photo still stand. The Forum is still there, of course, but the rest of Fore Street including the Devonport Market were incorporated into the dockyard and have been unseen by civilians for many years. Recently, the area enclosed in the dockyard has been refurbished and building work still continues.

For comparison, I took a photo today of the area as it looks now. Just for good measure, I made sure I got a picture of the tram's future replacement! The Forum can be seen in the far background on the left and an Esso garage stands where all those lovely buildings used to stand.

Walking further down, I thought that I could see tramlines in a pothole in the road. A similar thing was reported in Saltash Passage recently. On the way home, I decided to photograph the gates at HMS Drake for a 'then and now' project I'm putting together. I was surprised that because I'd taken a photo of the gate, I was then questioned by the police, complete with machine guns, for half an hour! I pointed out that a photo of the HMS Drake gates could be found easily on Google Earth and my pictures came out terrible anyway! They were very nice about it all though and said these were 'sensitive times' but, if you're thinking about photographing any Naval, or any other military establishments, think twice! I think we parted on good terms and I still haven't got a decent photo of the gate!

The War Effort

All over Plymouth, there are the signs of missing railings and other ornate metal work. During the Second World War, as part of the War effort, houses were stripped of their railings and other metal was collected by the Ministry of Salvage to be melted down and used for munitions . Over 1.5 million tonnes were collected and the whole operation boosted morale and brought people together. Any metal that could be taken was quickly removed including the bandstand on the Hoe. On the walls of many old houses in Plymouth, you can still see where the railings were hacksawed away. Even the Mount Edgcumbe Estate removed its railings to help the campaign. On the 12th January 1942, work started in the Mutley area to remove all unnecessary railings although some of the more ornate railings survived the exercise. However, many were removed and were never replaced. The Women Voluntary Service were responsible for organising salvage drives which not only included the removal of railings but also the collection of aluminium pots and pans, jelly moulds, kettles, paper and rubber and even artificial limbs. Children were banded together to collect as much salvage as possible including small items such as bottle tops. Regular salvage drives were organised to help the war effort. Tin, rubber, iron, steel, paper, cooking fat and even silk stockings were all collected. A popular poster during the war read, ‘Salvage saves Shipping’. Saturday Scrap collections were organised and children would knock at doors asking for any spare metal. This included gates, saucepans, empty tins and anything that could be spared. Some councils awarded certificates to recognise the work done by the children. However, while people happily banded together to help the war effort and collected a great deal of scrap metal to provide extra guns, tanks and planes for the troops, the truth was somewhat different. Little or none of the metal collected was ever melted down and used for the war effort and most was just dumped soon after.

King Street

King Street ran from Cambridge Street to Stoke Road and Manor Street. There doesn't appear to be many photos of the King Street arch in existance but this is the best one I've found. This photo dates from the early 1960s and shows the arch which was just after 144 King Street, which can just be seen on the left of the photo. Number 144 housed Cole's grocery shop. Perhaps one of the most remembered shops in King Street was Ivor Dewdney's pasty shop which was at number 2 and opened in the 1930s. The photo shows interesting adverts for both Ovaltine and the Co-op. In the early part of the last century, hawkers and entertainers gathered underneath the arch. One was a Mr Pratt who, with his monkey, Bruce, entertained passersby with his organ grinding. Bruce wore a red hat and jacket and was well known to the people living in the area. Mr Pratt, his wife and his monkey all lived in one tiny room in the street. Small audiences would gather to watch Bruce and would feed him chipped potatoes which were sold in the evening by Italians living in the area. By day, they would sell ice cream around the town from their small handcarts. Another well known figure was a blind Cornish miner who sold boot and shoe laces which were draped from his left arm while, with his right hand, he would hold out a tin cup to collect money. Many beer houses sprung up in the area during the 1850s including the Thistle Rose and Shamrock, the Hen and Chicken and the Botanic Garden which was near Flora Street Nursery. In the shadow of the railway embankment stood the Robert Burns, the Broad Gauge and the Tandem Inn. As a barrel organ played, bruised fruit was sold at knock down prices and women gathered to attend late night auctions selling cheap cuts of meat. Chestnut sellers would also ply their trade from a warm fire and a man on stilts would tap on windows to announce forthcoming events such as the fair or the circus. Rabbit formed a staple part of people's diet and a rabbit catcher with four or five rabbits hanging from his arm would sell and skin the creatures on the spot. It all seems a world away from the King Street of today. Torn apart in the Second World war, the area has seen a lot of changes and rebuilding. When the arch was pulled down in the 1970s, a major part of the street disappeared and the hawkers and entertainers from nearly 100 years previous, were soon forgotten.

Plymouth Hoe in the 1930s

I love this old photo of the Hoe from the 1930s. The picture is taken in the Hoe Lodge Gardens and two girls, one with an umbrella, admire the flowers. It must be Spring because there are tulips and primroses in bloom nearby. At first glance, the scene doesn't appear to have changed much over the years but, looking to the right of the lighthouse, can be seen the old bandstand which was dismantled during the Second World War to be used for scrap to help the war effort. The lighthouse itself is painted in red and white, as it is today, but between then and now it has been painted in various colours including green and white (the colours of not only Devon but also Plymouth Argyle). Much remains the same, although the fashions have changed greatly over the years. The only transport that can be seen is a man pushing a bicycle. The layout of the gardens themselves have changed though. The pool on the right of the picture has long gone and the garden, for some time, has been the home to the Prejoma Clock which was erected in 1965 in memory of Preston John Ball's parents. It told the right time in 1965 and then came to a standstill for many years. It was working for a brief period in about 2007 but has since stopped again. Nowadays, the gardens are very well kept and colourful. At the moment, they contain an ornate totem pole which has been erected to celebrate 200 years since the birth of Charles Darwin. In 1831, the 22 year old Charles Darwin set sail on the Beagle from Plymouth. Nearby to the gardens is the popular Valentis Cafe and bar. It's amazing that 70 years have passed since this photo was taken and so little, in this picture anyway, has changed.

Plymouth in the 1950s and 1960s

These few photos show Plymouth city centre during the late 1950s and early 1960s. The first picture shows a very busy town centre. Many people will remember the streets crowded like this, before the area was pedestrianised. On the left can be seen the Dolcis shoe shop at 37 New George Street which adjoined Dingles. Further down can be seen the old Western Morning News building which today houses Waterstones. The fashions have certainly changed over the years. A lone sailor can be seen in the foreground in the days when wearing their uniform was compulsory. The now old fashioned cars parked on the left, all look very much the same model and there certainly wasn't the choice there is nowadays. Most came in either black, grey or green. This was to become a far more busy scene in the 1970s and 1980s when every parking meter had a car beside it and in-town parking was almost impossible at busy times.

  

The second photo, from the same period, shows British Home Stores in Cornwall Street. The buildings haven't changed that much in the 50 or so years since but the cars and fashions have changed greatly. The streets all look much more narrow with the many vehicles parked there.

The third photo shows Frankfort Gate and, at first glance, it looks like not much has changed over the years.

Many of the shops have changed ownership many times but the market can still be seen clearly in the background. Earlier shops in the area included the popular stamp shop (probably a dying hobby now), Bonus Books, the Camera Exchange and, further around on the main road, Jack Cohen's Joke Shop. The red phone box has long gone and a huge green pedestrian walkway has been built in the centre of this scene. It all looks very tidy when this photo was originally taken and quite empty. However, anyone visiting these three areas nowadays would probably notice quite a bit of difference.

More about the Silver Mine of Saltash Passage

I've had a lot of people write to me recently about the underground mine at Saltash Passage and it all makes very interesting reading. With the work recently being carried out at the bottom of Little Ash Gardens to repair subsidence, together with past damage to the houses on the left-hand side of Little Ash Gardens, it's easy to follow the route of the final leg of the mine. I had a very interesting letter from Terry (whose surname I unfortunately don't know) and I hope that he doesn't mind me reproducing it here as it sheds some light on the tunnel and the route it took. Terry writes: 'I was very interested to read, 'The Silver Mine in Saltash Passage' on your blog. I lived in St Budeaux some 40 years ago, near Kinterbury Creek. We all called it 'Mud Cott' though I don't know why. What I now know as the silver mine, we called 'Smugglers Cave'. I used to go in often and I was one of the children they sealed it up to keep out! In the mid 60s, you could go in and just inside was a large boulder which you had to go around. After you got passed it, you were in a large chamber. There was a bench/bed carved out of rock. There was one main tunnel and the beginning of another but that was only a few feet in. The main one headed towards the main road. It must have been quite level because there was an inch or two of water along the bottom. As you went through, there were a few bends and at the end, it just got smaller and stopped. It didn't go in a very long way as I remember, under Little Ash Gardens at the most, so I would be very surprised if it went as far as Vicarage Gardens. I have for years wondered what it was. I assumed it was for the Home Guard to watch the river and bridge during the War. Maybe they did use it. I still visit Plymouth and last year, I went to have a look. You can't see it now, there is a boat house or something in front. Also, when I lived there, if you went along the beach on the opposite side to the mine side, where the cast iron pipes go into the river, there was a large sheet of twisted metal with rivet holes and rivets in. We used to try and move it when we were crabbing but it was stuck solid in the mud. It's not there now, perhaps it was taken away for scrap, and I wondered if it was part of the ammunition barge blown up in the War? I enjoyed Terry's informative letter very much and I wish that I had his address but hopefully, he'll write again. I would also be very interested to hear from anyone else with tales of the area. They certainly make very interesting reading.

Tarmacadam

Driving around Plymouth today, you can't help but notice all the potholes everywhere. In many places, the old cobbled roads underneath the tarmac are being revealed. Saltash Passage is one particular place where the cobbles are appearing and it's easy to imagine what the area must have once looked like when trams travelled towards the ferry taking passengers over to Saltash. Many people will think that tarmac is a relatively new thing but amazingly, tarred roads date back to the 8th century and appeared in Baghdad at the time. Tarmac as we know it today has been around since 1903. Patented by Edgar Purnell Hooley in 1901, some of the streets of Plymouth were tarmaced in the early 1900s including roads in Stonehouse which were paid for by the then Earl of Mount Edgcumbe. Previously, Macadam road surfaces were used from 1820 and invented by Scotsman, John Loudon MacAdam. He called the process, macadamisation. McAdam's road surfaces were ideal for horses and carriages but were dusty and eroded when it rained. Once motor transport was introduced, the roads couldn't cope and a new formula containing tar was used. Hooley's patent involved mechanically mixing tar and aggregate and this was prepared before it was put on the road surface and compressed using a steam roller. Today, cobbled streets and lovely paved footpaths are regularly tarmaced over much to the annoyance of people who prefer the streets as they are, a reminder of times gone by. It's amazing to think that this whole process isn't a new one and has been going on in Plymouth for well over 100 years.

The photo shows Bedford Street on the day that the circus came to town. No cobbled streets there, just a dusty old macadam road.